Negative feedback and homeostasis Positive feedback Clinical Case: Type II Diabetes

Ion concentrations and gradients Diffusion and passive transport Active transport Osmosis Clinical case intro: Excess water consumption

Tonicity: Hypotonic, Isotonic, Hypertonic Tonicity of Common Intravenous Fluids Clinical Case: Hypotonic Solution Mistakenly Given to Patient

Autocrine, Paracrine, Endocrine Cell Signaling. Signal Transduction Pathways G-Protein Coupled Receptors (GPCR) Clinical case: Beta-Blocker Drugs Control Heart Rate Via GPCRs.

Resting Membrane Potential Nernst Equation Graded Potentials Action Potentials Clinical Case: Hypokalemia and Ionic Imbalances Clinical Case: Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelination

Skeletal Fiber Anatomy Excitation-Contraction Coupling Properties of Skeletal Contraction: Tetanus, Ideal Length, Excitation-Contraction Delay Clinical Case: Tetanus and Rigor Mortis

Heart Anatomy Cardiac Muscle Contraction: Excitation-Contraction Coupling Cardiac Cycle: Electrical Conduction System, ECG, and Cardiac Rhythm Clinical Case: Abnormal ECGs Including Ventricular Fibrillation and Ventricular Tachycardia.

Parasympathetic Nervous System Sympathetic Nervous System Autonomic and Antagonistic Control of Organs Clinical case: Vagal maneuvers to control heart rate and rhythm.

Blood Pressure Gradient Drives Blood Flow Parasympathetic and Sympathetic Nervous System Overview Autonomic Nervous System Control of Blood Pressure Heart Rate, Stroke Volume, Vessel Diameter Changes

Respiratory Anatomy Review Gas Exchange: External and Internal Respiration Gas Transport: oxygen and carbon dioxide transport Spirometry, Lung Volumes, and Lung Capacities Clinical case: Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Chemical signaling using hormones Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis Insulin and glucagon Clinical case: Type 1 and 2 Diabetes

Overview of Kidney Anatomy: Glomerulus, Nephron, and Kidney Glomerular Filtration and Urine Production Absorption and Secretion Through the Nephron Kidneys Role in Blood Pressure Regulation Clinical Case: Diabetes Insipidus and Excessive Urine Production

Ideal Blood pH Le Chatelier's Principle Respiratory Control of pH Renal Control of pH Clinical Case: Metabolic Alkalosis Triggered by Diarrhea Decreases Breathing Rate

Gamete Formation Male Reproductive System Female Reproductive System Menstrual Cycle and Pregnancy Contraceptives